Protects the transparent layer and adjusts surface gloss

Determines the product’s durability

Design

Determines the product’s physical properties

• This layer controls the product’s shrinkage and expansion,
  using a high proportion of fillers
• Various types of fillers are used to improve quality (shrinkage/expansion)

Prevents the top(wear/transparent) layers
from curling upwards due to shrinkage

• The thickness should be greater than the combined thickness of the wear and print layers, and the composition should be identical, but in cases where the cost is an issue, the thickness should be increased